In this post you'll learn
Introduction
Corrosion is a major concern in various industrial environments. It usually occurs due to the presence of humidity or certain chemicals. If left unchecked, it can lead to catastrophic failures, especially in hazardous industries. That is why specialists use various surface coating methods to prevent corrosion, just as we do with our products. Electrocoating and galvanizing are some of the most common protection methods.
One common example of such failure is galvanic corrosion. It is a significant issue in the oil and gas industry. In this article, we will learn more about galvanic corrosion and how to prevent it.
Causes of Galvanic Corrosion
Key elements of galvanic corrosion are dissimilar metals, electrolytes, and electrical connections. These are all present in the oil and gas industry. When dissimilar metals contact in the presence of an electrolyte corrosive reaction occurs. Galvanic corrosion is essentially a corrosive electrochemical reaction.
Impacts on Infrastructure
Undetected galvanic corrosion can devastate pipelines and cause leaks. Leaking flammables can cause fire and explosion hazards. The oil and gas industry handles toxic material. Thus, leaks can also cause irreversible environmental damage and pollution. Galvanic corrosion can also damage work platforms, compromising the safety of workers. It can also damage detectors and other emergency alarm systems, causing failures to go undetected. Finally, galvanic corrosion can cause havoc on equipment. Pumps, valves, and other equipment are under constant threat.
Common Metal Combinations
Certain metal combinations are more prone to galvanic corrosion than others. Aluminum and steel or stainless steel and carbon steel are some of the most dangerous. Understanding the compatibility of materials is key to ensuring the safety of systems.
Preventative Measures
The first and foremost measure to employ is the selection of correct material. A thorough research during design is crucial. If need be, matter experts must be consulted.
Like any other corrosion, galvanic can also be prevented through coating and inhibitors. This limits the contact of electrolytes with the base metal, reducing corrosion risks.
Cathodic protection is a method of controlling corrosion. It is performed on a metal surface by connecting it to the cathodic side of an electrochemical cell. In the case of galvanic corrosion, sacrificial anodes are used. They divert corrosion away from critical components.
Isolation is another efficient technique to use. It can be as simple as physically isolating similar methods. It can also be performed against moisture and water.
Finally, the most efficient way to reduce galvanic corrosion is monitoring and maintenance. Regular inspection allows for early detection. Early detection allows for timely and safe repairs.
Conclusion
Corrosion is a major concern of many industries. Even against preventative methods such as galvanizing, it can still occur. All kinds of corrosion can threaten the safety of systems. Yet, galvanic corrosion is a special concern of the oil and gas industry. It is easily preventable when equipped with the correct knowledge.
