Hazardous materials can be dangerous if handled incorrectly. It is essential to classify and categorize hazardous materials to mitigate risks, as we take into account with each of our products. The United Nations has established a system known as the United Nations Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling of Chemicals (GHS).
GHS is the most recognized system for classifying hazardous materials. In this article, we will explore the various hazardous materials and their characteristics. We will also discover and learn more about GHS.
Class 1: Explosives
Explosives violently release massive amounts of energy when ignited. This property can be helpful for industries such as mining but it is also dangerous. It is crucial to store and handle explosives properly to avoid accidents.
Class 2: Gases
Gases can be in different states, such as compressed, liquefied, and dissolved gases. They are divided into three categories: flammable, non-flammable, non-toxic, and toxic gases. Proper handling and storage of gases are essential to prevent hazards.
Class 3: Flammable Liquids
Flammable liquids can easily ignite. This class includes common materials like gasoline, acetone, and ethanol.
Most flammable liquids vaporize even under room temperature. This vapor can be dangerous and easy to ignite. They must be stored with adequate ventilation.
Class 4: Flammable Solids
Flammable solids can catch fire when exposed to ignition. Common examples are sodium, potassium, and wood shavings.
Class 5: Oxidizing Substances and Organic Peroxides
Oxidizing materials can release oxygen, an essential element of combustion. On the other hand, organic peroxides can easily decompose. The decomposition of organic peroxides releases oxygen as well. Class 5 materials must be stored with proper ventilation. The storage areas must be constantly monitored.
Class 6: Toxic and Infectious Substances
Toxic substances can be harmful if contacted. They should not be inhaled, ingested, or touched. Common examples include pesticides, industrial chemicals, and poisonous gases.
Infectious substances contain microorganisms that can cause diseases. Bacteria, parasites, and viruses are some of the common contents of infectious substances. Contact with infectious substances must be avoided. In the case of contact, health authorities must be consulted immediately.
Class 7: Radioactive Materials
Radioactive materials emit ionizing radiation. Ionizing radiation can damage cells and DNA. The level of damage depends on the magnitude and the duration of exposure. Areas with radioactive materials must be monitored using Geiger counters. Permissible exposure limits must be complied with.
Class 8: Corrosive Substances
Corrosives cause damage to tissue, metals, and various materials. They are mostly of acidic or alkali characteristics. Some examples are sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide. Corrosives must be stored and handled in a way that prevents contact.
Class 9: Miscellaneous Dangerous Goods
This category consists of hazardous materials that don’t fit into other categories. Class 9 materials are usually environmentally hazardous materials.
Conclusion
Hazardous materials are an essential part of daily life and various industries. Understanding GHS is crucial for ensuring their safe use and handling. Appropriate safety measures can be implemented only by proper categorization.
